Gentry plots have been widely used to describe the variation in diversity within and between geographical units of area. However, even within the same "type" of vegetation (e.g.
Infrastructure access to grids or modules and accommodation for researchers are among the most costly items for any monitoring system. Independent studies by a series of researchers, each an expert in a particular taxon, results in an unnecessary duplication of effort (Lawson et al. 2005). This results in total costs orders of magnitude greater than required if the same surveys are integrated.
Most researchers use laboratory or collection techniques that are standardized and there is always much debate about which standards to adopt. However, new and better techniques are continually found. It is practically impossible, and indeed not very useful, to try and restrict regarding what kind of reagents or traps a researcher might use, or any other means of studying their organisms of interest.
In 2004, as part of an initiative by the Ministry of Science and Technology, two Amazon-based research institutions Belem’s Goeldi Museum (MPEG) and the National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA) in Manaus put together the Program for Research on Biodiversity (PPBio) whose mission was to develop a strategy to:
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